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copper
Chemical symbol: Cu
Original volume: 63.546
Appearance pure copper: purple metal
Melting point: 1083.4 °C
Boiling point: 2567 °C
Density: 8.92 g/cm3
Steamed hair source(silk, sheet): tungsten, tantalum, Molybdenum, niobium
Crucible: Mo, C, Al2O3
Evaporation temperature at 10-4 Torr: 1017 °C
Mechanical and chemical properties of thin films: the membrane layer is not well attached, and the use of intermediate layer Cr can increase adhesion;
Wavelength / nm refractive index N extinction coefficient K reflectivity / %
450 0.87 2.2 58.3
500 0.88 2.42 62.5
550 0.76 2.46 66.8
6000.19 2.98 92.6
800 0.17 4.84 97.3
1000 0.20 6.27 98.0
3000 1.22 7.10 91.2
7000 5.25 40.7 98.8
10250 11.0 60.6 98.8
Sex energy: The texture is tough, extended and paramagnetic, and Gaochun copper has good conductivity, ductility, corrosion resistance and surface performance; 6N copper softens at nearly 350K and 4N copper softens at 440K; Copper is not easily oxidized in dry air, but copper contains CO2 in moist air. CO2 on the surface and in the air forms a toxic layer of basic copper carbonate(copper green). The film protects copper from CO2 corrosion; When heated in air, the surface will form black copper oxide with O2; It is not easily dissolved in hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid, but copper can be dissolved in nitric acid with oxidation or hydrochloric acid containing oxidants; Also soluble in ammonia. Gaochun copper has high thermal conductivity at very low temperatures. At 8K, the thermal conductivity of 6N copper is 3.0 × 104W /(M • K). The thermal conductivity of 4N copper at 18K is 3.1 × 103W /(M • K). Gaochun copper has excellent processing performance and can be pulled into very thin copper wire or pressed into very thin copper foil. If the sulfur content in high-purity copper is extremely low, the brittleness of copper will disappear at 600-700K, and the brittleness of ordinary copper still exists. For example, when the oxygen content of impurities is very low, the hydrogen embrittlement of high-purity copper also disappears.
Use: protective film, reflective film, enhanced film
1. Copper is the most widely used and used in the electrical and electronic industries, accounting for more than half of the total consumption. These, switches and printed circuit boards are used in the manufacture of machinery and transport vehicles for the manufacture of industrial valves and accessories, instruments, sliding bearings, molds, heat exchangers and pumps.
2. It is widely used in the chemical industry to make vacuum machines, distillation pots, and brewing pots.
3. Used in the defense industry to make bullets, artillery shells, gun parts, etc.. For every 3 million rounds of ammunition produced, 13-14 tons of copper is used.
4. In the construction industry, it is used as a variety of pipelines, pipe accessories, decorative devices, etc..
Cu analysis report:
Purity 99.95 %
Bi Sb As Fe Ni Pb
0.001 0.002 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.003
Sn SZn P
0.002 0.004 0.003 0.001