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1.Technical Features:

Unlike conventional tube furnace systems, Joule heating is a non-radiative thermal method that eliminates the need for resistive heating elements (e.g., electric coils). Instead, a Joule heating reactor leverages the Joule heating effect to achieve ultra-fast heating (within 1–10 seconds, as short as 80 ms) with peak temperatures exceeding 3000°C.

2. Product Parameters

（1）. Joule Heating Power Supply Module

Capacitor Bank: 400V-36mF (customizable)

Output Voltage: 0-30V

Output Current: 0-500A (determined by the resistance of the capacitor and the sample stage)

Electrode Form: Copper electrode/graphite electrode, self-clamping, stretchable, adjustable distance

（2）. Data Collection Module

Collect voltage, current, temperature and discharge time in real time. Data trend graphs are displayed, historical data can be queried, and there are functions of data storage and export (supporting USB export). Data is automatically saved in case of power failure.

Temperature Range: 400℃-3000℃ Temperature

Measurement Accuracy: ≤±2%

Collection Cycle: 5ms 

（3）. Control System

The touch screen and the control system communicate for integrated control (control of charging and discharging time, manual/ automatic switching control of vacuum pumping and protective gas ventilation, control of the start and stop of heat dissipation), as well as monitoring the operation status of various functions, temperature and the air pressure in the reaction chamber, making the equipment more user-friendly and visual.

（4）Cooling System  

 Cooling Method: Circulating Water Cooling  

 Compressor Power: 0.52 KW, 0.71 HP  

 Water Pump Power: 0.03 KW  

 Refrigeration Capacity: 5084 Btu/h, 1.73 KW, 1281 Kcal/h  

 Maximum Flow Rate: 10 L/min  

Temperature Control Accuracy: ±0.3°C

（5）. Safety Assurance

Operating indicator light;

Overcurrent protection of the circuit;

Effective heat dissipation and cooling of the cooling system;

Emergency stop button;

Real-time monitoring and alarm;

（6）. Structure

Overall Dimensions of the Machine: W1000*D500*H1455mm

Reaction Chamber: W220*D130*H109mm (subject to the actual size);

Material: Aluminum alloy; Carrier/Substrate:flexible graphite paper, graphite plate, graphite tube, graphite boat

Gas Path Settings: 1 vacuum path, 1 air inlet path, 1 air outlet path

Reaction Chamber Window: Optical glass, with adjustable size and material

3.Application Cases

Case (1): Continuous Low-Carbon Production of Graphene

By developing an integrated automated system coupled with pyrolysis-FJH (flash Joule heating) technology, we achieved continuous, low-carbon production of high-value flash graphene from biomass waste. This method not only enhances resource recycling and production efficiency but also reduces environmental impact. It demonstrates significant potential in catalysis, energy storage, and environmental remediation while offering notable advantages in economic viability and sustainability. This innovation provides a scalable solution for industrial graphene production and green manufacturing.

Case (2): Flash Joule Synthesis of High-Entropy Alloys

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) were synthesized using flash Joule heating. This technique involves mixing a carbon source (e.g., activated carbon or carbon black) with metal salt precursors at ultrahigh temperatures (>2000 K). The rapid combustion of carbon generates intense thermal shock, instantly reducing metal salts into atomic metal species, which then form solid-solution alloy structures. Subsequent rapid cooling (105 K·s⁻¹) stabilizes the alloy composition. By adjusting the carbon source type and quantity, the microstructure and properties of the alloy can be precisely tuned.

Case (3): Heavy Metal Extraction from Coal Fly Ash via Flash Joule Heating

Flash Joule heating (FJH) was employed to remove heavy metals (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, and lead) from coal fly ash (CFA) with 70–90% efficiency. The ultra-fast heating (~3000°C in milliseconds) effectively volatilizes toxic metals, while the treated CFA can serve as a sustainable substitute for Portland cement, improving strength and reducing heavy metal leaching in acidic environments. With an energy cost of ~$21 per ton and a favorable life cycle assessment (LCA), this method significantly cuts greenhouse gas emissions compared to landfilling. FJH also holds promise for decontaminating other industrial wastes.

Case (4): Sustainable Manufacturing of High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes

This study presents a method to produce graphene-based carbon materials from human hair waste via flash heating for use as high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes. The approach enhances sustainability, reduces costs and environmental impact, strengthens supply chain resilience, and opens new research avenues for waste-to-material conversion while optimizing battery performance.

Case (5): Flash Joule Synthesis of Iron-Based Catalysts for Advanced Water Treatment

A novel iron-based material, combining single-atom sites and high-index-facet nanoparticles, was synthesized via carbon-assisted flash Joule heating. This catalyst significantly boosts hydroxyl radical generation during persulfate activation, enabling efficient degradation of organic pollutants (e.g., antibiotics in medical wastewater) and mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. The technology demonstrates great potential for water purification and environmental protection.

Case (6): Ultrafast Densification of Metal-Ceramic Composites via Joule Heating

Joule heating enables rapid, energy-efficient sintering of metal-ceramic composites (e.g., tungsten carbide, WC). The ultra-fast heating process drives near-instantaneous densification, enhancing material density and mechanical properties while preserving microstructural homogeneity. This breakthrough is critical for producing high-performance hard alloys and wear-resistant materials.

Case (7): Plastic Waste Conversion into Clean Hydrogen via Flash Joule Heating

An innovative flash Joule heating technique was developed to convert waste plastics into clean hydrogen and high-purity graphene. The process achieves net-zero carbon emissions and, through the sale of graphene byproducts, enables negative-cost hydrogen production. This economically viable and eco-friendly solution advances clean energy generation and waste upcycling.