Cas號	【12125-02-9】	MDL:	--MFCD00011420
Beilstein		EINECS:	--235-186-4
分子式	H4ClN
分子量	53.49
別名	電鹽,鹽硇,電氣藥粉,鹽精 Ammonium muriate Sal ammoniac

性狀 白色結晶粉末，無色立方結晶，有三種變態。味咸涼而微苦，能昇華而無熔點。氯化銨吸濕性小，略吸濕，在潮濕陰雨天也能吸潮結塊。易溶于水，溶于甘油和液氨中，難溶于醇，不溶于丙酮和乙醚。
比重1.527   氯化銨水溶液呈弱酸性反應，在加熱時酸性增強。對黑色金屬和其它金屬有腐蝕，特別對銅腐蝕更大，而生鐵尚能抵抗它的腐蝕。加熱昇華或分解，昇華溫度 340℃。在100℃時開始顯著揮發，在337.8℃時離解為氨和氯化氫，遇冷后又重新生成顆粒極小的氯化氨，呈白色濃霧，不易下沉，也極不易再溶解于 水。 備註: 以上描述，僅作參考，並不表示您收到的產品，與此項描述完全相符，產品的出廠標準，請參見質量標準。

質量標準     QB/T 658-88
項目Item                                     優級純     分析純     化學純
                                              (GR)       (AR)       (CP)
含量(NH4Cl)Assay,%                           ≥99.8      99.5       98.5
pH(50g/L溶液，25℃)                          4.5-5.5     4.5-5.5    4.5-5.5
澄清度試驗Clarity                              合格       合格       合格
水不溶物Insoluble matter in water,%          ≤0.002     0.005      0.01
灼燒殘渣（以硫酸鹽計）Ignition residue,%     ≤0.005     0.02       0.05
硫酸鹽(SO4)Sulfate,%                         ≤0.002     0.005      0.005
磷酸鹽(PO4)Phosphate,%                       ≤0.0002    0.0005     0.001
鈉(Na)Sodium,%                               ≤0.005     0.005       --
鎂(Mg)Magnesium,%                            ≤0.0005    0.001      0.002
鉀(K)Potassium,%                             ≤0.005     0.005       --
鈣(Ca)Calcium,%                              ≤0.0005    0.001      0.002
鐵(Fe)Iron,%                                 ≤0.0002    0.0005     0.001
鎳(Ni)Nickel,%                               ≤0.0001      --        --
銅(Cu)Copper,%                               ≤0.0002      --        --
鋅(Zn)Zinc,%                                 ≤0.0002      --        --
鉛(Pb)Lead,%                                 ≤0.0001      --        --


項目名稱Item                                 ACS Grade
含量Assay                                    ≥99.5%
pH(5%溶液，25℃)pH                           4.5-5.5
不溶物Insoluble matter                       ≤0.005%
灼燒殘渣Residue after ignition               ≤0.01%
鈣(Ca)Calcium(Ca)                            ≤0.001%
鎂(Mg)Magnesium(Mg)                          ≤5ppm
重金屬(以Pb計)Heavy metals(as Pb)            ≤5ppm
鐵(Fe)Iron(Fe)                               ≤0.0002%
磷酸鹽(PO₄)Phosphate                         ≤0.0002%
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate                           ≤0.002%


品級Grade                               分子生物學級  
                                   (for molecular biology, ≥99.5%)
外觀Appearance                          白色粉末
紅外光譜鑑別Infrared spectrometry       Conforms
純度Purity                              ≥99.5%
重金屬(以Pb計)Heavy metals(as Pb)       ≤0.0005%
鐵(Fe)Iron(Fe)                          ≤0.0002%
磷酸鹽Phosphate                         ≤0.0002%
硫酸鹽Sulfate                           ≤0.002%
水溶解試驗solubility in water           合格
DNase, RNase, protease,                 none detected


品級Grade                               細胞培養專用  
                                   (cell culture tested, ≥99.5%)
外觀Appearance                          白色粉末
紅外光譜鑑別Infrared spectrometry       Conforms
純度Purity                              ≥99.5%
重金屬(以Pb計)Heavy metals(as Pb)       ≤0.0005%
鐵(Fe)Iron(Fe)                          ≤0.0002%
磷酸鹽Phosphate                         ≤0.0002%
硫酸鹽Sulfate                           ≤0.002%
水溶解試驗solubility in water           合格
細胞培養測試cell culture test           Pass


品級Grade                               藥典注射級  
                              (Ph. Eur., BP, USP, FCC )
含量assay                               99.5-100.5% (以干基計)
酸度和碱度acidity or alkalinity,        complies
殘留溶劑residual solvents,              complies
硫氰酸thiocyanate (SCN),                complies
灼燒殘渣ign. residue                    ≤0.1% (as SO4)
乾燥損失loss on drying                  ≤0.5% loss on drying, 105 °C
pH                                      4.6-6.0 (20 °C, 5%)
痕量陰離子anion traces by ICP Atomic emission AND AAS
溴bromide (Br-):                       in accordance
碘iodide (I-):                         in accordance
硫酸根sulfate (SO42-):                 ≤100 ppm
痕量陽離子cation traces by ICP Atomic emission
  As:                                  ≤3 ppm  
  Ca:                                  ≤100 ppm
  Cu:                                  ≤20 ppm
  Fe:                                  ≤20 ppm
  Mg:                                  ≤10 ppm
  Pb:                                  ≤4 ppm
  Zn: ≤20 mg/kg
溶解性suitability                      complies for appearance of solution


99.999%:

外觀Appearance                          白色結晶粉末
紅外光譜鑑別Infrared spectrometry       Conforms
X-射線衍射分析X-Ray Diffraction         Conforms to standard
純度Purity                              ≥99.999% Based On Trace Metals Analysis
痕量金屬雜質Trace Metal Analysis        20ppm by ICP Atomic emission
(Li、Na、K、Ni、Cs、Mg、Ca、Ba、Zn、Al、Cr、Mn、As、Fe)


99.99% metals basis:

外觀Appearance                          白色結晶粉末
X-射線衍射分析X-Ray Diffraction         Conforms to standard
純度Purity                              ≥99.99% Based On Trace Metals Analysis
痕量金屬雜質Trace Metal Analysis        200ppm by ICP Atomic emission
(Ba、Ca、Mg、Na)

貯存 密封，在乾燥處保存。

用途 分離及沉澱離子，配製緩衝液，測定尿酸，冷凍劑。藥用級用作祛痰藥和輔助利尿藥。用於祛痰、利尿、代謝性碱中毒及酸化尿液，用於製作蓄電池和熒光粉等。