Single-Layer Wave Springs (Overlap type)
Overlap type has overlapping ends that can move circumferentially when the spring extends in radial direction during compression. Thus, Overlap type can avoid fracture, which happens for punched traditional wave spring with closed ends, and can ensure fitting clearance between the mating parts.
Mainly used in hydraulic transmission, bearing pre-loading equipment, gardening tools and motors etc.

Crest-to-Crest Wave Springs
CREST-TO-CREST standard wave springs are wound and stacked from one continuous length of round edge flat wire, elasticity coefficient decreases with increase of turns of coils. They are suitable for applications with low-mediu elasticity cofficient and force but large deflections. Compared with parallel springs, Crest-to-Crest Wave Springs can reduce W/L by 50%at least and save installation space by 1/3 to 1/2, which is perfect for applications that demand high loading and minimum deformation.

Nested Wave Springs
Nested Wave Springs are stacked tightly one layer upon another from one continuous length of round edge flat wire, and elasticity coefficient increases with increases of turns of coils. Nested Wave Springs can bear tremendous force without compromising the precision. In many applications, Nested Wave Springs are used as replacement for Belleville Spring and also can avoid force deviation and instability etc, which can be the case by simply stacking several single-layer wave springs to achieve higher loading.
NESTED wave springs are widely used, particularly in cases where a high loading and accurate force are required.