An incentive spirometer is a medical device that helps patients improve the function of their lungs and an effective tool to prevent pulmonary complications. After surgery that affects the respiratory function, especially surgery to the lungs, such as abdominal surgery the device assists in respiration. It is also commonly prescribed for post-operative cardiac patients, or other surgery involving extra time under anesthesia and subsequent recovery. The incentive spirometer also minimizes the chance of fluid build-up in patients recovering from rib damage. You may also teach patients how to use the devices on their own as they prepare to leave the hospital.