Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy with a carbon content of 0.0218% to 2.11%. Also called carbon steel. Generally also contains a small amount of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus. Generally, the higher the carbon content in carbon steel, the greater the hardness and the higher the strength, but the lower the plasticity.

(1) According to the purpose, carbon steel can be divided into three categories: carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel and free-cutting structural steel, and carbon structural steel is further divided into engineering construction steel and machine manufacturing structural steel;
(2) According to the smelting method, it can be divided into open hearth steel and converter steel;
(3) According to the deoxidation method, it can be divided into boiling steel (F), killed steel (Z), semi-killed steel (b) and special killed steel (TZ);
(4) According to the carbon content, carbon steel can be divided into low carbon steel (WC ≤ 0.25%), medium carbon steel (WC0.25%-0.6%) and high carbon steel (WC>0.6%);
(5) According to the quality of steel, carbon steel can be divided into ordinary carbon steel (higher phosphorus and sulfur content), high-quality carbon steel (lower phosphorus and sulfur content) and advanced high-quality steel (lower phosphorus and sulfur content) ) and extra high-quality steel.

manganese
About 0.25%~0.80%. Solid solution strengthening; removing FeO to reduce the brittleness of steel; synthesizing MnS with vulcanization, which can reduce the harmful effects of sulfur. beneficial.
silicon
About 0.10% ~ 0.40%, solid solution strengthening; in addition to the adverse effect of FeO on steel quality, it is beneficial.
sulfur
FeS and Fe form a low-melting eutectic (melting point of 985°C), which causes the steel to become brittle and crack during hot working at 1000~1250°C, resulting in "hot brittleness". harmful.
phosphorus
The strength and hardness are increased, but the plasticity and toughness are reduced, and it is "cold and brittle". harmful.

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